SuperCapacitors

Characteristics

Capacitors store energy in an electrostatic field rather than as a chemical state as in batteries.
No chemical actions involved which means very long cycle life is possible.
No limit on the cell voltage imposed by the "cell chemistry" as with galvanic cells.
The terminal voltage directly proportional to the State of Charge (SOC) which limits range of applicability somewhat.
Low power capacitors
Capacitors are probably the most common form of non-chemical energy storage and are widely used in low power applications.
Typical specification: 20 µF to 2 Farads 5.5 to 6.3 Volts
Supercapacitors, Ultracapacitors or EDLC (Electric Double Layer Capacitors) as they are also called, look very much like batteries. They have double layer construction consisting of two carbon electrodes immersed in an organic electrolyte. See below

Capacitor Start

A three phase motor may be run from a single phase power source. (Figure below) However, it will not self-start. It may be hand started in either direction, coming up to speed in a few seconds. It will only develop 2/3 of the 3-φ power rating because one winding is not used.

3-φmotor runs from 1-φ power, but does not start.

The single coil of a single phase induction motor does not produce a rotating magnetic field, but a pulsating field reaching maximum intensity at 0^o and 180^o electrical. (Figure below)

 Single phase stator produces a nonrotating, pulsating magnetic field.